Palladium catalyzed hydrodechlorination of *-chloroacetophenones by hydrogen transfer from the H2O-CO system

Advertisements for gambling products have historically been restricted due to their potential to normalize gambling and contribute to excessive gambling behaviours among vulnerable populations. However, social media enables gambling operators to promote products and brands with fewer constraints than in traditional forms of media. This study investigated how social media is used by gambling operators to promote gambling activities including an analysis of the latent messages that are conveyed. A representative sample of major land-based and online gambling venues and operators, including casinos, clubs, hotels, lottery and wagering operators (n = 101), was obtained. Websites and social media profiles of gambling operators were audited to investigate the types of social media used, content of promotions, and prevalence of responsible gambling messaging. The results showed that Facebook and Twitter were the dominant platforms used, most commonly by casinos and online wagering operators. A key finding was that online gambling operators included gambling content in conjunction with related news and events, as well as unrelated content, as way of normalizing gambling within a broader social context. Unlike land-based gambling promotions, responsible gambling information tended not to feature in operators’ posts and profiles. The key messages propagated in social media gambling promotions were positively framed, and tended to encourage gambling using a range of cross-promotional tactics to emphasize the winning aspect of gambling. The implications of freely accessible and pervasive gambling promotions via social media are discussed with respect to the general community as well as vulnerable populations.This study was commissioned by Gambling Research Australia—a partnership between the Commonwealth, State and Territory Governments. GRA had no involvement in the research design, conduct, analysis or the preparation of this paper

Disaster Risk Management of Cultural Heritage Sites in Albania.

UNESCO has a vital role to play in constructing a global culture of disaster preparedness and mitigation, building in the minds of people a Disaster Risk Management of Cultural Heritage Sites in Albania culture of resilience to risk, promoting awareness, education and capacity and foremost a different way to approach the domain of Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) and preparedness. UNESCO is also the secretariat of the 1972 World Heritage Convention, of which the properties have recently been the focus of substantial advancement in securing better capacity in risk management and reduction. Since UNESCO is engaged in important actions for the protection of cultural heritage it implements several projects in post disaster scenarios. This book has been elaborated as a final outcome of the project \u201cNatural Risk Preparedness and Mitigation - Building capacity in the field of risk mitigation for Cultural Heritage properties in Albania\u201d during the period 2011-2013. The project aimed to streamline disaster risk management in the Country, using its World Heritage properties as demonstration sites. The project was conceived to assist the country in order to enhance its capacity for Disasters Risk Management (DRM) and advancement in seismological and geological vulnerability of Cultural Heritage properties

RPA quasi-elastic responses in infinite and finite nuclear systems

Quasi-elastic responses in nuclear matter and in $^{12}$C and $^{40}$Ca nuclei are calculated in ring approximation to investigate the finite size effects on the electromagnetic quasi-elastic responses. A method to simulate these effects in infinite systems calculations is proposed. The sensitivity of the results to the various terms of the residual interaction is studied. The results of nuclear matter RPA calculations are compared with those obtained in ring approximation to evidence the importance of the exchange terms.Comment: 14 pages, 8 figure

Semi-continuous Chlorella vulgaris Cultivation Using Anaerobic Digestate Liquid Fraction Pre-treated by Ultrasonic Cavitation to Improve Carbon Dioxide Solubilization

Nutrients-enriched effluents such as digestate can represent a suitable and economically appealing substrate for microalgae growth since they combine the effluent treatment with biomass production. Then, microalgae biomass can be exploited to produce several bio-based compounds. However, the use of digestate for microalgae cultivation can be challenging due to its high levels of ammonia nitrogen and its low C/N ratio. For this reason, an ultrasonic cavitation (UC) process combined with carbon dioxide (CO2) insufflation was tested on digestate, in order to obtain a faster solubilization of the CO2 in the medium and thus an increase in the C/N ratio. The test was carried out growing Chlorella vulgaris on both digestate (mixotrophic condition) and BG-11 medium (autotrophic condition) in 1 L photobioreactors. For the first 14 days of the experiment the reactors were maintained in batch conditions to acclimatize microalgae. Then, they were switched to semi-continuous for 32 days. The reactors were fed three times a week, with an HRT (Hydraulic Retention Time) of 10.5 d as weekly average. Regarding the test on digestate, both UC pre-treated and untreated conditions reached the highest biomass production at the end of the batch (4.8 and 4.1 g L-1 respectively) and a complete ammonium (NH4+) removal after 9 days. The switch to semi-continuous caused an increase in NH4+ concentration and a consistent decrease in biomass concentration. Biomass production reached the steady-state, with a concentration of 1.9 and 1.2 g L-1 for the UC pre-treated and untreated digestate, respectively (+55.6 % biomass production obtained with UC pre-treated digestate). Moreover, an NH4+ removal of 93.5 % and 92.3 % was reached for UC pre-treated and untreated conditions, respectively

Quasielastic Electron Scattering from Nuclei: Random-Phase vs. Ring Approximations

We investigate the extent to which the nuclear transverse response to electron scattering in the quasielastic region, evaluated in the random-phase approximation can be described by ring approximation calculations. Different effective interactions based on a standard model of the type g'+V_pi+V_rho are employed. For each momentum transfer, we have obtained the value of g'_0 permitting the ring response to match the position of the peak and/or the non-energy weighted sum rule provided by the random-phase approach has been obtained. It is found that, in general, it is not possible to reproduce both magnitudes simultaneously for a given g'_0 value.Comment: 7 pages, 4 Postscript figures, to appear in Physical Review

Imaging-based representation and stratification of intra-tumor heterogeneity via tree-edit distance

Personalized medicine is the future of medical practice. In oncology, tumor heterogeneity assessment represents a pivotal step for effective treatment planning and prognosis prediction. Despite new procedures for DNA sequencing and analysis, non-invasive methods for tumor characterization are needed to impact on daily routine. On purpose, imaging texture analysis is rapidly scaling, holding the promise to surrogate histopathological assessment of tumor lesions. In this work, we propose a tree-based representation strategy for describing intra-tumor heterogeneity of patients affected by metastatic cancer. We leverage radiomics information extracted from PET/CT imaging and we provide an exhaustive and easily readable summary of the disease spreading. We exploit this novel patient representation to perform cancer subtyping according to hierarchical clustering technique. To this purpose, a new heterogeneity-based distance between trees is defined and applied to a case study of prostate cancer. Clusters interpretation is explored in terms of concordance with severity status, tumor burden and biological characteristics. Results are promising, as the proposed method outperforms current literature approaches. Ultimately, the proposed method draws a general analysis framework that would allow to extract knowledge from daily acquired imaging data of patients and provide insights for effective treatment planning

Magnetic vector potential in secondary school: a teachers’ path

The magnetic vector potential is traditionally presented only at university level and is widely considered as a pure mathematical tool to calculate the magnetic and the electric fields, i.e., a device without any (or at least with very poor) physical meaning. Even if, also in recent literature, many papers can be found which, on the contrary, clarify the physical meaning of the vector potential, to the best of our knowledge a clear and complete educational path on it is still missing. Our experience and some pilot experimentations with secondary school students and teachers, however, have driven us to seriously consider the opportunity to introduce the magnetic vector potential also at secondary school as a way both to better understand some fundamental aspects of classical electromagnetism and to open a door for a simple and a direct way of introducing important aspects of modern physics (i.e. the notion of the photon and the London equation of superconductivity). In this paper we\u2019ll discuss the motivations that led us to develop an educational path for the introduction of magnetic vector potential in upper secondary school, some considerations in order to clarify general aspects of its physical meaning with examples, and the framework of our course on magnetic vector potential for preservice teachers training at the Milano TFA (Formative Active Training) course

Corrigendum: An educational path for the magnetic vector potential and its physical implications

This is a Corrigendum for the article 2013 Eur. J. Phys. 34 120

Microwave-Assisted Synthesis, Optical and Theoretical Characterization of Novel 2-(imidazo[1,5-a]pyridine-1-yl)pyridinium Salts

In the last few years, imidazo[1,5-a]pyridine scaffolds and derivatives have attracted growing attention due to their unique chemical structure and optical behaviors. In this work, a series of pyridylimidazo[1,5-a]pyridine derivatives and their corresponding pyridinium salts were synthesized and their optical properties investigated to evaluate the effect of the quaternization on the optical features both in solution and polymeric matrix. A critical analysis based on the spectroscopic data, chemical structures along with density functional theory calculation is reported to address the best strategies to prevent aggregation and optimize the photophysical properties. The obtained results describe the relationship between chemical structure and optical behaviors, highlighting the role of pendant pyridine. Finally, the presence of a positive charge is fundamental to avoid any possible aggregation process in polymeric films

Some didactical suggestions for a deeper embedding of DC circuits into electromagnetism

Undergraduate students often encounter great difficulties in understanding Ohm's law and electrical circuits. Considering the widespread students' beliefs and their common mistakes, as they come out from the literature and our teaching experience, we think that a relevant source of these problems comes from the fact that electrical circuits are generally treated separately from the other topics of electromagnetism, with poor reference to the circulation of the electric field. We present here a way to deal with electrical circuits that could help students to overcome their difficulties. In our approach, the electric field is the protagonist and the mathematical tool the students are asked to use is its circulation. In the light of the circulation of the electric field, the experimental Ohm's law is revisited, the concept of electromotive force is discussed and some suggestions to eliminate common misconceptions about the role of a battery in a circuit are presented